中华妇产科杂志 |
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| 经阴道输卵管插管行配子输卵管移植的 临床初步研究 陈士岭 邢福祺 宋兰林 陈东红 闫宗合 陈思梅 胡茂兰 【摘要】 目的 了解经阴道配子输卵管移植治疗非输卵管性不孕症(子宫内膜异位症、男性少弱精症、不明原因不孕等)的效果。方法 对21例(23个周期)不孕症患者分别采用(1)绝经期促性腺激素(hMG)/hCG (7个周期);(2)卵泡刺激素(FSH)/hMG/hCG(2个周期);(3)短方案促性腺激素释放激素激动剂(GnRH-a)/hMG/hCG(2个周期);(4)长方案GnRH-a/FSH/hMG/hCG(12个周期)进行超促排卵。阴道超声下取卵,经阴道向输卵管内插管注入卵母细胞和精子,用hCG或黄体酮维持黄体功能。结果 平均每周期植入卵子数为(3.3±2.1)个(1~8个);5例妊娠,周期妊娠率为21.7%,其中宫内妊娠4例,输卵管妊娠1例。2例胚胎停止发育,2例继续妊娠已达30~34周。结论 经阴道配子输卵管移植是一种操作较简单而有效的助孕技术,与经腹腔镜配子输卵管移植相比,价格低廉,无需麻醉,可用于治疗输卵管正常的多种不孕症。 【关键词】 配子输卵管内植入 不育 Tubal Catheterization for Transvaginal Gamete Intrafallopian Transfer: an Alternative Technique for Non-tubal Infertility CHEN Shiling, XING Fuqi, SONG Lanlin, et al. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanfang Hospital, The First Military Medical University, Guangzhou 510515 【Abstract】 Objective To evaluate the outcome of transvaginal gamete intrafallopian transfer (TV-GIFT) for infertile patients with non-tubal factors. Methods Controlled ovarian hyperstimulation was used for all patients. Transvaginal ultrasound-guided oocyte retrieval followed by tubal catheterization for transvaginal gamete intrafallopian transfer of 3.3±2.1 oocytes (range 1~8) and 200 000 sperms in 50 μl culture medium. Results The TV-GIFT was used in total of 23 treatment cycles. Of 23 cycles performed for TV-GIFT, the procedure was completed easily in 18 and difficult in 5, resulting in 5 clinical pregnancies(21.7% per cycle), 2 of which resulted in abortion, 2 ongoing pregnorncy one was ectopic pregnancy. No pregnancy occurred in four cycles with only one oocyte transferred. Conclusions Simple and cost-effective TV-GIFT may achieve a higher pregnancy rate. Compared with laparoscopically directed GIFT, tubal catheterization for TV-GIFT is safe and less invasive. It is an alternative for non-tubal infertility before entering the IVF-ET program. 【Key words】 Gamete intrafollapian transfer Infertility 配子输卵管内移植(gamete intrafollopian tube transfer, GIFT)属于助孕技术的一种,与体外受精-胚胎移植(IVF-ET)相比,能用于非输卵管性不孕症,省去了体外受精和培养的复杂环节,使受孕过程更接近生理状态。以往GIFT多经腹腔镜进行,操作繁琐,又需要麻醉。近几年来国外学者采用经阴道GIFT(TV-GIFT),获得妊娠和分娩,此方法操作较简便,无需麻醉,但妊娠率国外尚有争议。国内目前未见TV-GIFT的文献报道。我们在国内采用此方法治疗21例(23个周期)非输卵管性不孕患者,5例临床妊娠。现报道如下。 资料与方法 一、研究对象 一、超排卵治疗及取卵情况 表1 5例妊娠患者的情况 |
| 编号 | 年龄 (岁) |
不孕原因 | 用药方案 | 取卵数 (个) |
移植卵子数 (个) |
单侧或 双侧移植 |
妊娠结局 |
| 1 | 27 | PCOS,两次IVF失败 | FSH/hMG/hCG | 18 |
8 | 双侧 | 孕9周胚胎停止发育 |
| 2 | 28 | 男性少精、弱精 | hMG/hCG | 5 | 2 | 单侧 | 妊娠34周,继续妊娠 |
| 3 | 33 | 轻度子宫内膜异位症 | FSH/hMG/hCG | 6 | 6 | 双侧 | 妊娠30周,双胎,继续妊娠 |
| 4 | 26 | 不明原因不孕 | 短方案GnRHa/hMG/hCG | 8 | 8 | 单侧 | 左侧输卵管妊娠,手术切除 |
| 5 | 43 | 男性少精、弱精 | 长方案GnRHa/FSH/hMG/hCG | 3 | 3 | 单侧 | 孕8周胚胎停止发育 |
讨论 一、配子输卵管移植的历史与现状 作者单位:510515 广州,第一军医大学南方医院妇产科 参考文献 [1] Asch RH, Balmaceda JP, Ellsworth LR, et al. Gamete intrafallopian transfer (GIFT): a new treatment for infertility. Int J Fertil, 1985, 30:41-45.[2] Society for Assisted Reproductive Technology and The American Society for Reproductive Medicine. Assisted reproductive technology in the United States and Canada: 1994 results generated from the American Society for Reproductive Medicine /Society for Assisted Reproductive Technology Registry. Fertil Steril, 1996, 66:697-705. [3] Chang YS, Kim SH, Moon SH, et al. Current status of assisted reproductive technology in Asia and Oceania. J Obstet Gynecol Res, 1996, 22:409-416. [4] Lisse K, Sydow P, Scheiber I, et al. Transvaginal gamete intrafallopian transfer and embryo intrafallopian transfer. Hum Reprod, 1992, 7(Suppl 1):111-113. [5] Woolcott R, Stamger J, Cohen R, et al. Refinements in the methodology of injection for transvaginal gamete intrafallopian tranfer. Hum Reprod, 1994, 9:1466-1468. [6] Tzafettas J, Loufopoulos A, Stephamatos A, et al. Tubal catheterization for intrafallopian insemination and transvaginal gamete (GIFT) or zygote intrafallopian transfer (ZIFT): our experience in a total of 1128 treatment cycles. J Assist Reprod Genet, 1994, 11:2838-2840. [7] Penzias AS, Alper MM, Oskowitz SP, et al. Gamete intrafallopian transfer: assessment of the optimal number of oocytes to transfer. Fertil Steril, 1991, 55:311-313. (收稿:1998-03-16 修回:1998-10-28) (本文编辑:姜民慧) |